Analyse de “Frost at Midnight”

Elements of introduction The poem under study is â€Å"Frost at Midnight†, composed by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English poet who was a founder of the Romantic Movement in England. It is part of the conversation poems, a series of 8 poems composed by Coleridge between 1795 and 1807 ; each details a particular life experience which leads to the poet's examination of nature and the role of poetry.Written in 1798, â€Å"Frost at midnight† discusses Coleridge's childhood experience in a quite negative manner and emphasizers the need to be brought up in the countryside. In this poem, the narrator comes to an understanding of nature while isolated with his thoughts. Nature becomes a comfort, however, the poet remembers the loneliness of childhood when he felt isolated from nature and other people, as if living in a world of strangers. His hope is that his own child, David Hartley, will experience an easier and more harmonious life.In this conversation poem, the speaker is gene rally held to be Coleridge himself ; the poem is quiet, very personal restatement of the abiding themes of early English Romanticism : the effect of nature on imagination, the relationship between children and natural world, contrast between this liberating country setting and the city, relationship btw adulthood and childhood as they are linked in adult memory. Like many Romantic verse monologues of this kind such as â€Å"Tintern Abbey† as a notable example, this poem is written in blank verse, a term used to describe unrhymed lines metered in iambic pentameter. nd the silent listener is his infant son, Hartley. The setting of the poem is late at night, when Coleridge is the only one awake in the household. He sits next to his son's cradle and reflects on the frost falling outside the home. He takes this instant of solitude to allow his reflections to expand to his love of nature. I – A typical conversation poem Coleridge begins by creating a tone of solemn gentlenes s in the first line, s the frost is described as performing a â€Å"secret ministry† : the frost ministers without the help of the wind (l2), thus takes the bite out of the chilly night air and maintains a silence throughout the landscape. The only sound he can hear is the owl (l2-3), but its sudden interruption of the quiet is counterpoised with the sleepers in the cottage, whose rest remains undisturbed. The speaker enjoys this midnight solitude, although he notes that he is not truly alone : his â€Å"cradled infant slumbers peacefully† beside him (l7).The baby's presence only serves to accentuate the speaker's solitude since this child, too, sleeps while the speaker alone is awake at this late hour. At first, he finds the absolute stillness disturbing ; he takes comfort in the seeming sympathy of the only stirring object in the house or beyond – a film across the grate (grille de foyer) – the â€Å"sole unquiet thing† (l16). The speaker sees a similarity between himself and the â€Å"puny flaps and freaks† of the grate (l20). The insensible film interprets the moving of air without a guiding reason, so too does the speaker â€Å"makes a toy of thought† (l23).Transition : by shifting the scene of the second stanza to his boyhood and summertime, Coleridge manages to create a sense of the inner discomfort that the speaker feels in his midnight vigil (une veille) in the cottage. A poem which conveys many beliefs of the romantic movement Themes of ‘power of sleep', dreams and imagination The image that connects these themes is the â€Å"thin blue flame† in the fireplace. Christopher R. Miller in â€Å"Coleridge and the Scene of Lyric Description† : he identifies the â€Å"flickering of the ember† as a â€Å"counterpoint to Coleridge's own insomniac musings†.Peter Barry in â€Å"Coleridge the Revisionnary : Surrogacy and Structure in the Conversation Poems† : He asserts tha t the dying flame is representative of Coleridge's reproof of the â€Å"directionlessness in his Spirit† : â€Å"like the flame, his own intellectual spirit is puny, unable to achieve lift-off, purposeless, narcissistic, and prone to interpret everything as a reflection of itself, so that thought becomes an idle plaything rather than a purposeful instrument†. â€Å"Power of sleep† : In the first stanza of the poem, Coleridge laments that his insomnia stifles his imagination.Perhaps this is why Coleridge takes pleasure in watching his son sleep, for the poet understands that dreams allow for the flourishing of creativity. Then, he sees a â€Å"stranger† (l26;41) which he sees â€Å"fluttering† out the window ; perhaps a butterfly or bird which comes to his memory as he sits – as an adult – within his winter cottage listening to the rustling (bruissement) flap on the grate. He finds this stranger desirable, â€Å"more beloved† b y townsman, aunt, or sister to his eyes (l42).This spirit of nature is in fact his â€Å"play-mate† when they are â€Å"clothed alike†, both outside enjoying the pervasive presence of nature. II – – > In his poem, Coleridge explores the relationship between environment and happiness and also reflects on the idyllic innocence of childhood Description of his own love of nature Coleridge describes to his son how his love of nature dates back to his boyhood. During school, Coleridge would gaze out the schoolhouse windows, discontent with where he sits (inside a schoolroom, attempting to study) ; He admires the frost falling outside , longing for the wild familiarity of nature.Although he attempts a â€Å"mock study† of his â€Å"swimming book† (l38) when the stern preceptor draws near, nonetheless he finds his thought already out the half-open door he spies out of the corner of his eye. > His thoughts return to the present, specifically to his s leeping baby. The sounds he can hear now is his breathing, which fills the moments between his sombre thoughts. He wonders at the baby's beauty and turns his mind to the â€Å"far other lore (tradition) / and in far other scenes† which the child will learn one day.In the second verse paragraph, when he reflects on his schooldays, he engages in a memory with a memory ; he tells us that he used to daydream about his home village (Ottery St Mary in Devon), where the sound of the church bells filled him with excited anticipation. The cause of his disturbance now, his sense of separation from the village and from nature, may have something to do with the separation in childhood from his home village in this exile to school and to the city. Lamentations on his physical and emotional confinement in urban England during the latter part of his childhoodThe speaker clearly did not enjoy his life in London, where he felt trapped ; He notes his own limited upbringing (education), kept as he was in â€Å"the great city, pent mid cloisters dim† (l52) where the only natural beauty he could ever see was the sky and stars > the contrast between this liberating country setting and city as we know that one of the fundamentals of Romanticism is the belief in the natural goodness of man, the idea that in a state of nature people would behave well but are hindered by civilisation, embodied by the city of London where Coleridge grew up in his later days.He was not a child with nature ; these thoughts eventually lulled him to sleep, and his day dreams then turned into dreams. His lack of concentration in class caused him problems when he went back to school the â€Å"following morn†, but he still kept thinking about the film, anticipated the coming of an absent friend and thought about his birth place. But, if the classroom door opened the slightest, the boy would immediately look up, so as to look for escaping, hoping it was a â€Å"townsman, aunt or sister mor e beloved† which the fluttering stranger had predicted would come to visit.The speaker declares that an education gained in the realms of nature will make all seasons â€Å"sweet to thee†, giving the baby a perspective on life that the speaker cannot fully hold because of his own limited exposure to nature in its various forms. While the father has difficulty settling in to the silent solitude of a frosty midnight, and similarly could not focus on his studies indoors while summer spent itself without, the son will have no difficulty embracing nature in her various dresses, because he will be more connected to the natural order than his father ever could be.His memory of feeling trapped in the schoolhouse naturally brings him back into his immediate surroundings with a sudden rush of feeling for his son. His final meditation on his son's future becomes mingled with his Romantic interpretation of nature and its role in the child's creativity. > The consideration of his ow n unhappy childhood leads Coleridge to reflect on the baby sleeping next to him ; at least he can ensure that Hartley will not experience the same exile from nature. The poem, after a brief pause in the present, launches on a vision of the future, where it continues develop until the end.That is why he daydreams about leaving the city and returning to his rural birthplace to raise his kid. His desire to bring up his child in a more pastoral life, surrounded with nature On the other hand, his baby will wander the mountains and fiels, gaining an education only Nature in all its glory can bestow. The child will learn â€Å"that eternal language, which thy God/Utters† (l60) ; in other words, he will learn the spirit of Nature and see in it the wonder, majesty, and beauty of its Creator. He tells his son that he's delighted that his son will have more opportunities to observe the beauty of nature and will not be reared/ in the great city, pent ‘mid cloisters dim'† as C oleridge himself was. He then wishes that â€Å"all seasons shall be sweet† to his son and that his son will learn to appreciate all aspects of nature. Coleridge projects on his son his own longing for childhood innocence and his belief that closeness to nature brings happiness. Coleridge declares that Hartley will be brought up in a more pastoral life and will be closer to nature than his father was. Thus, Coleridge projects on his son own longing for childhood innocence and his belief that closeness to nature brings happiness.To illustrate Coleridge's theory we can draw a parallel talking about Wordsworth. Coleridge, as we know, was raised in London, â€Å"pent ‘mid cloisters dim† whereas Wordsworth was brought up in the rustic countryside. He thus saw his own childhood as a time when his connection with the natural world was at its greatest. He revisited his memories his memories of childhood in order to soothe his feelings and provoke his imagination ; wherea s Coleridge questions Wordsworth's easy identification of childhood with a kind of automatic, original happiness.Instead, in his poem, he says that, as a child, he â€Å"saw naught lovely but the stars ans sky† and seems to feel the lingering effects of that alienation. In this poem, we can see how the pain of this alienation has strengthened Coleridge's wish that his child enjoy an idyllic Wordsworthian upbringing â€Å"by lakes and sandy shores, beneath the crags / of ancient mountain, and beneath the clouds†. Rather than seeing the link between childhood and nature as an inevitable, Coleridge seems to perceive it as a fragile, precious, and extraordinary connection, one of which he himself was deprived.

Response to Ex Post Facto Ethics

The document, â€Å"Ex Post Facto Ethics† by Stanley Schmidt reveals many important points to our society. He stresses the fact that historians today are Judging and frowning upon what important historical figures thought and acted upon in their time. Although his article was very specific in examples his generalization of society being a uniform mass is his own hypocritical example of â€Å"Ex Post Facto Ethics†. It also proved to be hypocritical in its argument about passing Judgment much after the matter has passed.Schmidt stresses the fact that people in our present day society are constantly condemning upon our ancestors for violation of â€Å"ex post facto moral laws† when, in reality, the general accepted standards and values are changing even at this moment. Therefore, we do not understand how these people of history thought, felt, and/or believed what was right or wrong. In other words, we are unaware of the great impact that the social context of their period had on basic morality. It is easy to make Judgment of other peoples' actions in spite of our own levels of what is right and what is wrong in our eyes.To most of us now, the perception and understanding of basic moral principles differ drastically from the perception and understanding of basic moral principles of the ancient believers, historical figures, or the primary establisher of our country. For example, the article explains how students and teachers rail â€Å"against George Washington and Thomas Jefferson because they kept slaves†. The establisher of our country had come from Europe, where it was taken for granted to have slaves; it caused no harm or foul to anyone but the slaves themselves. The slaves were only considered property). But that is where the controversy begins: today, slavery is immoral, cruel, and unacceptable. The article states that, â€Å"We can Judge the quality and importance of their [people of the past] contributions to understanding the universe only in terms of what they did with the knowledge available to them. † When Schmidt says this, he is referring to what Isaac Newton thought and believed he knew in his time about Physics. Consequently, Schmidt implied that we cannot Judge based on what we now now, but on what they knew then.In AP Euro, there are countless times where one, as a member of our society, learns about events, beliefs, traditions, etc. , that are now considered immoral and unaccepted by society. For instance, in the early ages and throughout the history of Europe, women were considered property. They were traded, sold, raped, and killed without any punishment whatsoever; it was Just the normal way to react towards women. Today, we learn, in history class, of these actions done by historical figures and our first reaction is, â€Å"What were they thinking? R â€Å"How can they do such a thing,† but in all honestly, that is Just the style of life they lived in at the time. Knowing and comprehending these aspects play a key role in understanding the history that have led society to where it is today. For this same reason, the instructor wanted us to read this article. It not only illustrates how the perspective and understanding of basic moral principles evolve over time, but also emphasizes the fact that we cannot Judge the actions of the people of the past based on our own perspective and understanding. We will use this understanding of the past throughout the year in class.

Chemistry and Anatomy Essay Example for Free

Chemistry and Anatomy Essay Frankenstein (360) , Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (326) , Anatomy (51) , Henry Clerval (38) , Elizabeth Lavenza (11) , Alphonse Frankenstein (6) company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints My life began as a simple and talented student in Geneva. My father was Alphonse Frankenstein, who was a wealthy, rich and benevolent man. I was the first son of my father, Alphonse Frankenstein. My mother Caroline visited a beautiful orphan girl, Elizabeth Lavenza, fair-haired girl. She was adopted by my family and was my cousin. I had two brothers who were very lovely and they loved me and Elizabeth a lot. My best friend was Henry Clerval, who was a considerate man. I became a student of Chemistry and Anatomy in the quest to determine what gives life. I was a young man who led a happy and peaceful life, but the events happened after, made a great change to my living. The world according to me was a secret of research, creation and experimenting. I learnt the theories of electricity and galvanization. I also initiated a theory of how to create human life using the principles of electricity. I became devoted to the human creation and the spark of life that I had abandoned earlier. I asked my University for specimens to make my creation. I figured out what gives life.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I have begged my University for specimens. They say I’ve had all their best material for years, and produced nothing to show for it.† I feel that I have begged my University for some specimens to make my creation, but they refused to afford me the specimens because they say that they have given all the best pieces of specimens to me for creating nothing. Finally, I got the body parts from the graveyard. Then I went out without my meals to buy some chemicals. I took the body parts from the corpses. I stored my chemicals and specimens in the dissecting room so that it would be safe. I constructed a giant man, 8 feet tall, with super human strength and endurance from harvested body parts that I took from the corpses. I worked secretly without rest for almost a year. I can tell you that I was a bit disappointed with my creation. My perfect creation was a frightening disaster. My creation was a result of horror.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"No, this isn’t what I wanted. Oh, dear god, what have I done?†Ã‚  I was not at all happy with my monstrous creation. So, I rejected, abandoned and left him away. I was also scared, frightened and afraid of him. I also avoided my scientific studies because it remained me about the disastrous experiment. I wanted him to help and like mankind. This was not what I expected. I wanted my creation to be helpful rather than being a nuisance. My excitement soon changed when my creature came into life. My lovely, little brother William was murdered by my creation, the monster. Elizabeth cried a lot and I was not able to convince her. She also told me that my five- year-old brother, William and she went for a walk. She also told me that she saw William disappear. She was searching for him all over. I examined what had happened and found out that it was the monster, who was responsible for the murder of my brother. I was very angry with the behaviour of my creation. I created him to help human life and not to destroy them. He came to my room. I was very angry at him and wanted to destroy him. He told me to control my temper and he asked me to listen to him. He told me that the only person to be kind to him was Agathe, a young blind lady. The other villagers chased him away through their dogs. He also told me that his intention towards William was not to kill him. Then he explained to me about what had happened. He told me, â€Å"I put my hands to his mouth to silence him, because I was afraid.†Ã‚  The monster asked William to play with him for a while. But William shouted and refused to play with him. So, he just kept his hands in William’s mouth to silence him and request him to play with him. He also convinced me by telling the truth, but I am very sad that my brother is being murdered by my creation.  I was asked by the monster to make a bride to the monster. I agreed to him because as a creator, I should have to fulfill the wishes of my creation. He said to me that,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I am alone and miserable; man will not associate with me; but one as deformed and horrible as myself would not deny herself to me. My companion must be of the same species and have the same defects. This being you must create.† He conveyed me his feelings of how it was to be alone without a companion or a comrade. He also gave me two years time to make a complete creation. He also told me that he would not trouble me in the time in between. I repulsed myself to make a bride for the monster. I wanted to finish the bride before marrying Elizabeth. I was also worried that the monster may harm my family. I still found it difficult to make the second monster. I made it because he told me that he wanted to love. I also made it, but this creation was spoilt by the monster, himself. The thing where he went wrong was, giving wrong wire connections to the creation and made it destroy. I explained to him that,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She’ll never live now! Monster, what have you done?†Ã‚  He thought that he knew to make his own creation. He acted over- smart by giving the wrong wire connections and destroying his bride by himself. I beautifully laid out the bride in white colour clothes, to symbolize that she was going to get married. There is no use for him to commit the murders of Elizabeth and Clerval, by knowing that was his fault. I was really angry when he killed my brother, William. Then, he explained to me about what had happened. He told me that,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I put my hands to his mouth to silence him, because I was afraid.†Ã‚  It was my fault to create him and abandon him. Since I have created him I lost my Elizabeth, Clerval and my dear brother William. I got the feelings of how it was to face death. If I think of him, my first thoughts were, why did I create him? I found it like a battle of â€Å"Evil vs. Good†. Chemistry and Anatomy. (2017, Nov 10). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

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Can Humans and Animals Live in Harmony - Essay Example Man’s desire to advance his living standards has had devastating effects on the survival of diverse animals through clearing their natural habitats, thus exposing them to adverse weather conditions. As such, this manuscript will mull over the issue of speciesism, thereby providing mitigation measures on this predicament. Man has continually affected the animals’ natural territory in various ways since time immemorial. Additionally, man has incessantly discriminated against animals through various exploitative activities. Experts refer to this as speciesism, and this remains to be a key challenge to him (Beirne 7). For instance, his activities in deforestation, owing to his desire in increasing his settlement has left various animal species homeless, thus leaving them vulnerable to extinction. In the earlier days before the onset of civilization, animals and man lived harmoniously, with the animals dwelling in their apt natural environments. However, as he progressed with civilization, man opted to enlarge his habitat by clearing extensive tracts of forests. Moreover, as humans increased in population, they continued to deforest the planet, thereby exposing diverse animals to the adverse weather conditions. Besides, man exploits various animals in his endeavor to satisfy his needs. For instance, man’s unfulfilled desire for food compels him to kill various animals. Additionally, he utilizes various animal products for other purposes that comprise clothing and other adornments, and medicine manufacture. This has occurred uncontrolled, until he realized of the looming danger of the extinction of various animal species (Beirne 8). This compelled humans into attempt to conserve animals, particularly the endangered ones. In addition, the industrialization era led to the emission of numerous hazardous materials. As a result, many animals, including the aquatic ones died and drastically reduced in population. Furthermore, emission of various gaseous wastes has torn down a significant part of the ozone layer, thereby leaving the animals susceptible to global warming. Moreover, various improvements in technology have significant impacts on the survival of animals. Man has created sophisti cated weapons, in his endeavor to boost his supremacy and military capability. Furthermore, man tests these weapons in vast lands, which are the dwellings of various animals. This happens in many nations, leading to deforestation and death of numerous animal species. Besides, man tests nearly all of his scientific inventions on animals (Beirne 7). Moreover, man’s attempt to control some annoying animals has proved fatal to other animals. For example, the application of insecticides to manage pests often leads to the death of other animals, including the aquatic life. Besides, man has domesticated many animals in his endeavor to satisfy his unrelenting needs, thereby leading to the animals’ alteration in biological structure. Humans also involve themselves in the transportation of various animals from their natural habitats to other habitats. This has most often led to the death of several animals, since they are not adapted to these new environments. Moreover, human de velopment in biotechnology has devastating effects on animals. This results from the fact that man alters the animals’ genetic order, leading to mutations. Moreover, man has crossed various animals, leading to the formation of many sterile breeds of

Hepatitis C-write on a surgery related to a disorder or condition Research Paper

Hepatitis C-write on a surgery related to a disorder or condition liver transplant chronic hepatitis C can cause liver failure, which would result in liver transplant - Research Paper Example Liver also makes components of bile, which is essential for fat digestion and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins from the gastrointestinal tract. This dominating organ is a hub of all detoxification processes and it is a reservoir for glucose storage, which can be utilized by the human body even many hours after a meal. Considering all these roles of the liver, the devastating consequences can be easily predicted if liver does not work efficiently. Diseases having pathologies, which disrupt the architecture and physiological functional tendency of the liver are those that lead to cirrhosis of the liver. They include Hepatitis B and C, excessive intake of alcohol for several years, deposition of excessive iron in liver, and Wilsons disease. Development of Varices and Ascites is a strong indication of Cirrhosis, leading to liver failure (Chakravarty, 2010). Here, the demand of transplanting normal functioning liver lobe from a compatible healthy donor, steps in. Liver Transplantation becomes essential for survival in cases of Liver failure. Apart from the chronic causes mentioned above, transplantation needs may also arise in acute cases, which are mainly due to intake of drugs having acetaminophen. Liver damage due to autoimmune disease and liver cancers also ultimately require liver transplantation (Chakravarty, 2010). This transplantation surgery becomes the ultimate solution of liver failure, as these patients experience malabsorption of fats and fat soluble vitamins, steatorrhea, hyperbilirubinemia causing yellowish appearance of skin and sclera, and generalized edema due to lack of albumin production. It also causes buildup of toxic ammonia due to lack of deamination process leading to hepatic encaphalopathy, hyperhosphatemia and hypocalcemia causing tetany dua to lack of active vitamin D, variceal hemorrhages and

Evidence-Based Practice Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Evidence-Based Practice Project - Research Paper Example The study found that the combination of blood glucose lowering and blood pressure medication slows the progression of microvascular complications. Similarly, the Turnbull (2009) meta-analysis study found that intensive glucose control leads to a reduced risk of major cardiovascular events, showing a reduction of 9% for major cardiovascular events. Advance Collaborative (2008) found that intensive blood glucose lowering with gliclazide and other drugs resulted in a reduced incidence of combined major macrovascular and microvascular events, as well as major microvascular events, because there also was a reduction of nephropathy. Still another study suggests that any kind of benefit attained by intensive lowering of blood glucose is lost after one year. The study conducted by Hollman et al. (2008) found that the patients who were assigned intensive glucose lowering were compared to patients who were assigned the standard treatment of dietary restriction. While the immediate results were that the intensive glucose lowering showed that the patients had a lower risk of microvascular complications then the patients with conventional dietary therapy, after one year, these advantages were lost. Introduction Patients with diabetes suffer from a variety of ailments. Among these ailments are microvascular and macrovascular diseases. Therefore, therapeutic intervention should be investigated to reduce the risks of a diabetic patient suffering from these ailments. One such intervention is aggressively lowering blood glucose levels through drugs such as glicazide. Therefore, this article will examine studies that are focused around the intervention of blood glucose lowering, and will examine whether this is an intervention that is positive for diabetic patients, with regards to lessening the risk of micro and macrovascular ailments. PICO Question In patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (P), what is the effect of intensively lowering the blood glucose (I) as compared with s tandard treatment (C) on the incidence of major macro- and microvascular outcomes (O)? Clinical Question Selection Criteria Inclusion Criteria 1. Journals and studies featuring patients who are who are subjected to either intensive glucose lowering or standard treatment. 2. The participants in these studies had either a microvascular or macrovascular cardiac event. 3. The journals were either randomized trials or meta-analyses. 4. Were published in peer reviewed journals. 5. Were reported in English. Exclusion Criteria 1. Journals that reported on either type I diabetes, juvenile diabetes or gestational diabetes. 2. Qualitative studies. 3. Studies that focused upon patients who were under the age of 18. Search Process The process began by looking for studies that had, as their focus, type II diabetes, intensive glucose lowering therapy verses traditional therapy and micro and macrovascular outcomes. These peer-reviewed journals were ones that were written in English. The data bases that were used were Pubmed, Psychosocial Instruments, British Nursing Index, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Library, Psychosocial Instruments, Allied and Alternative Medicine and Sociofile. These databases were searched with the initial terms of type II diabetes, intensive glucose lowering therapy and micro and macrovascular cardiac. The articles were then narrowed down to studies that were randomized or studies which were

Public argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Public argument - Essay Example It opposes the highly punitive and restrictive approach to copyright in digital media because it has not and will not solve digital piracy and instead, innovative business models with collectivistic values can help curb it. Increasingly punitive copyright laws are not effective in ending digital piracy because technology is faster than lawmaking. Several laws have been passed for the past twenty-five years that support copyrighted media, but up to now, digital media continue to be pirated and shared through P2P and other networking systems. The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA) provides a structure that implements a system of copyright protections, which include important automatic restrictions with criminal and civil sanctions, wherein they generally define â€Å"knowledge as an asset more than a public resource† (Filby 207). The 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) reinforced the CDPA, as it treated various media products as corporate assets, even when t hey were previously perceived and used as public resources. Despite these laws, digital media piracy continues, particularly affecting the industries of movies, TV shows, and music. Corporate media firms allege that they are losing billions of dollars because of piracy and free content sharing online. Supporters of stricter copyright policies promote the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) in Congress and its Senate bill, the Protect IP Act (PIPA). These bills aim to stop websites and organizations, including those outside the United States, from selling or sharing pirated copyrighted digital media material and fake counterfeit goods. These are additional laws that will fail as others have because technology changes rapidly enough to support digital piracy and free sharing of copyrighted products. A good example of failed copyright laws is the Rojadirecta Case, where technology facilitates the ineffectiveness of these laws. On February 1, 2011, the U.S. government seized the rojadirecta.c om and rojadirecta.org domain names. These websites provided a guide to Internet TV (Picker). Compared to the initial business of Napster, Rojadirecta gives links, not direct hosting, to assist P2P TV (Picker). Rojadirecta might have lost its U.S. domain names, but it easily fixed the problem by establishing new domain names offshore and relocating them to Spain at rojadirecta.es (Picker). In other words, it is back to business as usual. Organizations, groups, and individuals that support free sharing know international laws, and they have a large and supportive network, as well as the money and technology to help them continue their services in any part of the world. Globalization through the Internet has expanded the boundaries and opportunities for these stakeholders. The U.S. government and media corporations can paint them as the bad guys, but for their allies and customers, they are the good guys, who are using technology for freedom of speech and digital media content. Thus, the case of Rojadirecta shows that people with technology will always find a way to circumvent these copyright laws because they believe that they are right in using digital media as public resources. The tighter the laws, the more rebelliously creative they become. What should the government do instead? Look away as digital pirates sell content that others own and many customers pay

Literacy Criticism of Woody Allen film Manhattan Essay

Literacy Criticism of Woody Allen film Manhattan - Essay Example . and um... the 2nd movement of the Jupiter Symphony... and um... Louis Armstrong, recording of Potato Head Blues... um... Swedish movies, naturally... Sentimental Education by Flaubert... uh... Marlon Brando, Frank Sinatra... um... those incredible Apples and Pears by Cezanne... uh... the crabs at Sam Wos... uh... Tracys face.. This dialogue of Isaac (Woody Allen) revealed the philosophy and thesis of the film Manhattan. It disclosed Isaac’s mundane interpretation of life that he has to create a â€Å"fantasy† to make existence bearable. If we notice the contents of his dialogue, there is nothing metaphysical about it but is rather confined to the aesthetics of life such as Groucho Marx, Wilie Mays, 2nd movement of the Jupiter Symphony, Louis Armstrong, recording of Potato Head Blues, Swedish movies, Sentimental Education by Flaubert, Marlon Brando, Frank Sinatra, the crabs at Sam Wo and Tracy’s face (his 17 year old lover whom he broke up to have a relationship with Mary and later attempted to go back at her). It also revealed Woody Allen’s (who happened to write the film also) artistic inclination of his interpretation about life. The hesitation, content and seeming incongruity of this dialogue posits that for an individual living in a city like Manhattan have a meaning in life, one has to create a fanstasy, filled with indulgence (Crabs at Wo’s) and aesthetics. For Woody Allen, life is basically meaningless that one has to look for distractions through fantasy to fill the void. In Allen’s perspective, this distractions will keep our mind away from the ugly truth and inevitabilities of life. That after all of our pursuit, death will eventually come after an inevitable sickness, and we will all die. Such is life, that we might as well entertain ourselves in between. While I admire the artistic rendering of Woody Allen’s film Manhattan, I do not necessarily agree with his thesis that we have to distract ourselves from the

Virtual Team Concepts in Projects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Virtual Team Concepts in Projects - Essay Example As disclosed, the whole project cost AUD $20.5 million. Likewise, the total members in the CCWP were noted to be 45, where all team members were revealed to be full-time employees of the New South Wales Police (NSWP). There was a project manager assigned to oversee and performance of the virtual team and was said to be instrumental to its success. The performance and operation of each team was gauged in terms of managing the following areas: time (or conformity to schedules), cost, quality, human resources, communication, risk, and procurement through specifically identified goals and the ability, competency and efficiency within which challenges and problems were addressed, as well as objectives were successfully attained. Analysis of the Functions undertaken in each Functional Area of Project Management 1. Time Management: Time management concerns started with prescribed schedules and setting of milestones which were explicitly noted to be difficult within the virtual team environm ent. As revealed, â€Å"this was complicated by the large number of subprojects (more than 230) and certain engineering constraints, which required some subprojects to be completed within certain critical time periods† (Kuruppuarachchi, 2009, p. 28). ... The standards for monitoring and performance evaluation were the milestones set, including cash flow statements. As revealed, â€Å"the budget was monitored against time using simple means such as Excel worksheets and graphs showing cumulative values† (Kuruppuarachchi, 2009, p. 28) for the reason that all team members were noted to be familiar with this particular format. 3. Quality Management: This function was considered most challenging to monitor and gauge the actual quality outcome due to the remote locations of the team members. As such, standards to measure quality were based on more traditional and acceptable level by allowing the respective centers to adhere to quality standards and without the need for inspection from the central office. 4. Human Resource Management: There was a virtual team presented where the Project Manager from Sydney headed the project and governs the responsibilities of five center managers. As disclosed, since team members had been familiar wi th the organizational structure, policies, and roles, similar chain of command was therefore applied. 5. Communication Management: This functional area met most challenges in terms of the need to establish proper protocols for reporting on a center basis, as well as on the overall progress of the project. As such, there were clearly identified problems attributed as common to virtual teams, and those that were limited to them. Through the identification of these problems, proper strategies were proposed to resolve and iron out communication patterns, as required for the successful implementation of the project. 6. Risk Management: An overall risk management plan was reported to have been developed prior to the project; which became the conceptual basis for

Gender & Sexual Studies. Joan Acker-Class Question, Feminist Answers Assignment

Gender & Sexual Studies. Joan Acker-Class Question, Feminist Answers - Assignment Example Acker uses the term to describe the general position of women and how the society has come to accept and practice the dictates of hegemonic masculinity which is an extension of the patriarchal leanings. In the book, Acker talks of the general imbalance of men and women in senior position and privileged positions within our corporations. She explains that this is no way a reflection of education but representative of hegemonic masculinity. In practice, the term implies that our society is still laden with gendered inequality. This prompts questions and effort on how such inequality can be addressed to achieve a balanced society that does not judge on gender but on ability. Beyond the book, the term can be used in creating awareness on how gender biasness has created a chasm in our society. Question 2-Means of provisioning Acker constantly uses the term provisioning to describe the activities that people engage in, mostly informal, to be able to cater for their basic needs. She cites a ctivities such as babysitting as a means of provisioning. In a wider scope, and in relation to the economy, means of provisioning appears to refer to all activities that hold the capacity to provide a means of livelihood for members of various classes within an economy. An example of how she uses the term is in her efforts to define class; in this instance she cites â€Å"class as a differing and unequal situation in access to and control over the means of provisioning and survival† (Acker 55). The term implies a struggle between classes, an effort to compete for the limited economic means which are largely beneficial in ensuring livelihood. Question 3-Corporate Nonresponsibility In Acker’s view, corporate nonresponsiblity represents a situation where modern day corporations pass on certain responsibilities, mainly survival and caring work, to households. This places greater responsibility to women who are in essence home keepers. Through corporate nonresponsibility, o rganizations relay responsibility from centers of wealth and power to those with little resources. In a large scope, Acker uses this term to bring into perspective the role of wealth centers, mainly corporations, in compounding the culture of class suppression and gender biasness. This is because these centers refuse to take on responsibilities that would otherwise grant women a favorable chance in competing for opportunities in the corporate world. In the book, Acker uses the term severally, but perhaps one situation where she draws on a practical illustration is when she notes Wal-Mart as an example of corporate nonresponsibility. She notes the corporation as a â€Å"prime example of corporate nonresponsibility mainly by turning workers into lowest cost, easily replaceable, factors of production† (Acker, 162). Question 4-Unpaid Labor/reproductive labor Unpaid labor or reproductive labor is brought to the fore in an attempt to describe the value and contribution of women to a capitalist economy. In essence, it represents labor that is actually not compensated but one that has value to the economy. An example of unpaid labor is domestic labor. In her larger argument, Acker appears to â€Å"monetize† this class of labor and also brings into perspective the idea that women are basically the victims of unpaid labor. In this context, she appears to link unpaid labor and the unfortunate position of women whose efforts are not duly compensated and whose position is majorly determined by the men they support. An example of how

Three Key Learnings Essay Example for Free

Three Key Learnings Essay This course had been a strong push for me in my career as it has given me the key skills that I needed to face the challenges that I am to face as a professional individual in my field of interest. Undeniably, the skills that I have learned made me more confident in handling real hands-on-basis activities that are to be presented to me in the actual field of work that I am to undergo. These skill enhancements have certainly made me more confident in presenting software that would be much helpful in the field of technological development in the society today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The qualitative research elements that have been presented to us through this course made me more knowledgeable in handling new era developments in the field of Computer Technology. Improving the existing computer software being used today has become one of the main goals that I have set for myself because of the exposure that I had with qualitative research approach studies. Undermining the different strengths and weaknesses of the existing computer programs today has made me greatly interested the process of enhancing and developing more sophisticated programs that would appear much helpful in the process of improving the systems of the current computer technology situation in the society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In terms of analyzing other sets of studies that aim to present the different details about several software-programs prepared to present the pros and the cons of the systems in actual applications, this course has made me more confident in the presentations that I am making to be able to handle several analysis reports. Undeniably, this course me more dependable and a lot more competent in my field of study as I am now able to become more practically critical with the works that I am presenting to the officials of my profession and to the public as well. This course actually gave me a clear view on what grave responsibilities I am about to take in as I take steps forward in accepting this profession. True, facing a highly technological world is a huge responsibility for individuals such as my type. But with the right skills and right disposition in facing the challenges of the profession that I am to accept, the said responsibilities could be well performed for the betterment of the larger population of the human society that I am about to serve.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the part of synthesizing the studies that are further performed to help in the process of computer technology’s development for the present world of commerce and world connections, I have been able to see the difference of simply understanding the issue from that of directly making solutions for the issues that are concerned with the current computer applications used today. I have learned that seeing deeply in the problem is one particular key that enhances the analysis of the programs thus equipping the analysts the needed understanding that they have to posses to be able to deal with the issues of the system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overall, from this course, I was able to recognize what it is that I have to deal with in facing the major issues concerned with computer technology today. Through the skills that I have learned and the attitude that I have gained, I realized how important my profession is for the modern society that we are living with today.

US Entry into Vietnam Essay Example for Free

US Entry into Vietnam Essay Every American president basically regarded the enemy in Vietnam, whether the Vietminh, the National Liberation Front in the 60s and the government of Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam, as agents of global communism (Rotter 1999, p 1). US policymakers and most Americans conceived of communism as the opposite of what they stood for. Communists opposed democracy, violated human rights, conducted military attacks and formed closed-state economies, which did not trade with capitalist countries. They loathed communism like a contagious disease. When the Communist Party rose to power in China in 1949, the US government in Washington feared that Vietnam would fall into the hands of communists. This was the reason why the administration of US President Harry Truman decided to send aid to the French who were then fighting the Vietminh in 1950 (Smitha 2005, p 2). Earlier in May, 1945, the Truman administration approved the resumption of France’s colonial authority in Indochina in the hope that France would fight communism in Vietnam. The Viet Minh, a movement led by Ho Chi Minh, a veteran communist, resisted the French regime in Vietnam. At the end of the war, the Viet Minh announced Vietnam’s independence of foreign rule. But the Truman administration and the Allied powers did not want the Vietnamese to be independent. The war between the French and the Viet Minh then began in December 1946. The US sided with the French in Vietnam for the sake of fighting communism in Europe and Indochina and sent financial and material support to the French to overthrow Ho Chi Minh’s government in Vietnam (Rotter p 5, Smitha pp 16-17). President Truman supported the French also in the hope of helping them build and reinforce non-Communist nations whose fate depended to a large extent on the preservation of Vietnam (Rotter 2005, Smitha 1999). He saw that a free world in the region would open markets for Japan, The involvement of the US in Vietnam likewise assured the British of the revival of the rubber and tin industries in Malaya, a neighbor of Vietnam. With US help, the French could move on with efforts at economic recovery at home and ultimately retrieve their military forces from Indochina to oversee the rearmament of West Germany. These were the perceived deep-seated motivations of US involvement in Vietnam (Rotter, Smitha). After the invasion of South Korea by North Korea in 1950, Secretary of State Dean Acheson convinced President Truman to increase US assistance to the French (Smitha 2005). The US also recognized France’s puppet king, Bao Dai, in Vietnam, only to be replaced later (Smitha, p 9). Step by step, the US entered into the conflict for these goals, which gradually waned and were forgotten. What later developed was a tendency against withdrawing from Vietnam itself (Smitha, p 10). When the Vietnamese Nationalist Vietminh army won over the French at Dienbienphu in 1954, the French were forced to accept the creation of a Communist Vietnam north of the 17th parallel and leaving a non-Communist side in the south (Rotter 1999, p 2). Then US President Dwight Eisenhower rejected the arrangement. Instead, he endeavored to set up a government there to wrestle control from the French, sent military advisers to train a South Vietnamese army, and operate the Central Intelligence Agency to stage a psychological warfare against North Vietnam (Rotter). In his address at the Gettysburg College, Eisenhower pointed to Vietnam as a free but poor and underdeveloped country with a weak economy where the average individual income was less than $200 a year (1959, pp 96-97). The northern part of Vietnam was taken over by communists. He stressed that South Vietnam needed assistance in self-defense and economic growth. The people of Vietnam wanted to thrive and to become self-sufficient. For Vietnam to expand economically, it would need to acquire capital and for this to happen, it should be freed from outside hostility and private investments should be established to infuse capital. Otherwise, it should be given outside loans and grants from more fortunate countries. He emphasized that Vietnam’s freedom should first be insured and then its economic problem would be solved. In addition, the military forces in Vietnam also needed support without affecting or destroying the economy of Vietnam. He justified the continued existence of US military forces in Vietnam because of the closeness of Communist military forces in the north. He also said that while Communist guerrillas had been substantially contained, the remaining ones continued to disrupt the overall conditions of the nation. He emphasized the need to equally provide sufficient moral support to the troops so that they would continue to have the hope, confidence and pride needed to ward off the threats of aggressions from within and without the borders Upon his assumption as President in 1952, US aid to the French in Vietnam increased and reached 80% in two years’ time (Smitha 2005). In 1954, Bao Dai was replaced by Ngo Dinh Diem. But the French disliked Diem, a nationalist who stood aside during the struggle for independence from the French. He was a courageous, honest and persistent, but he was also inept and he was not popular with ordinary people. He was surrounded by relatives and friends and did not establish close relationships with local leaders and groups in the South. His forces in the rural areas were feared and hated. His strategic hamlet program relocated peasants into communities, surrounded by barbed wire to separate them from the guerillas. They did not like their new hamlets (Smitha, p 14). At a news conference on the steel crisis during his term, US President John F. Kennedy contrasted those Americans fighting for freedom in Vietnam with executives who pursued private power and profits beyond a sense of public responsibility (Bostdorff and Goldzwig 1994). While recognizing the importance of the steel controversy, he re-emphasized the value of the US mission in Vietnam. Whenever he had the chance, he restated the nation’s moral commitment. His morally-grounded idealistic rhetoric gained him definite advantages. His arguments made him sound tough and pleased those with an equally hard-line position against communism in Southeast Asia. He could also use these arguments to justify and support his policies, such as when Congress threatened to reduce foreign aid. He insisted that foreign aid was an all-or-nothing proposition because principles were at stake. He pressed that Congress could provide all the aid he believed should be given or Congress must assume the responsibility and culpability in the event of a victory of Communism and the defeat of freedom in those nations at risk. He maintained that representatives and senators must make policy decision in the light of the larger moral consequences to which these policies would inevitably lead. At the Economic Club of New York in 1962, he commented that Vietnam would instantaneously collapse if the US did not assist it. He consistently presented and idealistically argued that Vietnam as the conflict or a battle of principles and urged all citizens to commit themselves to an all-out support to that commitment. If they did not, they would then have to prepare for a communist victory, which would negate and destroy the cause of freedom all over the world (Bostdorff and Goldzwig). France’s Charles de Gaulle warned President Kennedy that the US would sink into a â€Å"bottomless quagmire† in Vietnam, no matter how much money was spent on it and how many men were sent to it (Smitha 2005, p 10). The President increased the number of advisors to help the Diem regime in 1961, until he realized that the battle had to be won by the Vietnamese themselves, not by Americans. He was aware of Diem’s unpopularity and that Diem would fail to rally in the South in the fight against the communists.The time came when it decided to find an alternative to Diem and connived with his generals to overthrow him (Smitha, pp 13-15). # BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Bostdorff, Denise and , Steven. Idealism and Pragmatism in American Foreign Policy. New York: Presidential Studies Quarterly. Vol 24 Issue 3, 1994 2. Rotter, Andrew J. The Causes of the Vietnam War. The Oxford Companion to American Military History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. http://www. english. uuc. edu/maps/vietnam/causes. htm 3. Smitha, Frank E. The United States and Vietnam. Macrohistory, 2005. http://www. smitha. com/h2/ch26. htm

The Concept Of Happiness

The Concept Of Happiness However dull ones life may be there are times when one cannot help but question the meaningfulness of it. The subject of death is often a prime example of how people begin to question the value of life. Death usually brings people down and it makes them wonder if there is a meaning to existence or whether the recently deceased found it. In such situations, most of us turn to questions such as: What am I doing here? Am I happy? Am I doing the right thing? Am I making a difference? Hopefully one does not need to face such extreme events in order to question the meaning of life. In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle expresses his opinions about the function of the human being in an attempt to show that the human good is activity in accordance with reason, and in turn this alignment alone is responsible for our happiness which in his view is the highest good, a self sufficient and final goal for any human being. Along the same lines, in The Experience Machine, Robert Nozick is addressing a similar issue, by arguing that pleasure is not the only thing which matters to us and brings to our attention the fact that there are other factors which contribute to our well-being. In this paper I will explain the arguments of both Aristotle and Nozick by exploring the concept of happiness, its role in morality and what I understand through ones function of living a happy and moral life. Soon after reading some Aristotelian material, one cannot help but notice that Aristotle was a man of science, a very analytical man. It seems that he deeply enjoyed putting things into categories of belonging. Things like the four causes, things like his classification of things that are inorganic and living, and the list goes on. The same applies for his work, Nicomachean Ethics, and as the name implies, this is as close as we can get to Aristotles code of moral values. Aristotle felt that virtue and being active were a means to happiness, which he believed to be the universal goal of every human being. However, since we are all different, every person has a unique way of achieving happiness and he starts his argument by bringing this issue into focus. He sets out to investigate what does happiness really mean? Does it mean a warm cup of tea, a healthy family or perhaps a good looking partner? Happiness means many things to many people, and that brings into question the meaning of true happiness and what makes something true happiness. Aristotle says that the good we are looking for is apparently one thing in one action and another thing in another, (NE 106a15-17) thus we have to identify which is the good in each of these cases (1096a17-19). Aristotle uses medicine as an example where the good would be health, or generalship where the good would be victory, but in every action and decision it is the end, since it is for the sake of the end that everyone does the other things (NE 1096a20-22). Some, may find this argument problematic and could say that sometimes we do things without a set goal in mind, and rather do them just for the sheer joy of it, but I disagree. Aristotles point seems to be applicable in every situation, since even if the good is not obtained as a distant goal but rather as an immediate reward, or at the same time as the action is performed, his argument still holds. For example, listening to music or walking my dog results in pleasure form just the activity alone, in the very moment that the action takes place. He then proceeds to explain that the highest good has to be complete and cannot be for the sake of something else as that would imply that the latter would become the highest. Aristotle says that it must be something complete and self-sufficient, since it is the end of the things pursued in action (NE 1097b21-22). This also seems like a very sound point to me. If there is such a thing as a highest good, then we can easily imply that it should be complete and sufficient in itself in order to make a life choiceworthy (NE 1097b15). While reading Nicomachean Ethics, I could not help but wonder if Aristotle ever realized the irony of this vicious circle we seem to be caught in. Most people live life by going from one compensation to another, trying different experiences, looking for a lover, wife or husband, career or money. I strongly believe that one must realize that these are just learned concepts and not something we are born with, and the same applies for our morality. It seems like we have a constant need to fill our lives with content, in order to keep us busy and to give us some sort of identity. Its quite easy to see the cycle that most people constantly go through: One feels empty and suddenly desire arises; soon after compensation comes, boredom sets in and then again one feels empty. I think we should strive to realize that it is not the object acquired that gives satisfaction, but rather that we are satisfied once were at peace, not needing anything. It seems to me that satisfying desire is only a temporary solution and once the initial excitement associated with the new acquisition is fading, the need to acquire arises again and again. This only turns life into an addicting habit, and while I do believe in true happiness I doubt it can be achieved this way. Nozicks philosophy is similar to this analogy, but rather than just arguing his point methodically, Nozick starts off by laying out a thought experiment. This experiment revolves around a hypothetical machine called the experience machine which is supposed to create a stimulated reality for any person that connects to it. The machine will then allow the user to experience various pleasures determined for each person by their own individual desires. In this hypothetical experiment, one would only have to be outside of the machine very briefly, in order to program the desired events and experiences for the next upcoming years of ones life. Another possibility would be for one to map out his entire life in the machine based on a very carefully conducted survey by superduper neuropsychologists which would guarantee a pleasant experience without having to ever leave the machine (EM p.606). Further, Nozick asks us to overlook certain concerns that would arise, such as who would run the machine if everyone would be plugged in, as it would not change the purpose of the experiment. He then asks: if presented with a choice would you choose to plug in? (EM p.606) Nozick opposes the question using a few distinct reasons, namely: we want to do certain things, and not just have the experience of doing them (EM p.606); we want to be a certain sort of person and we dont want to be limited to a man-made reality, to a world no deeper than that which people can construct. (EM p.607) In short, Nozick argues that, if plugging in to the experience machine provides more pleasure, we should simply follow this idea; however that will only happen if pleasure is all that matters to us. Nozicks own reply is that we would not choose to connect to the machine, and thus he concludes that pleasure is not the only thing that matters to us. I believe that, the answer provided by Nozick for his own hypothetical experiment, only sounds like a choice one would make simply because it appeals to the human biases against things which are considered artificial. Simply put, a person will not opt for an artificial reality if given the choice, even if it was an ecstatic experience but that does not mean that one is not seeking pleasure. It may as well be that, the psychological gratification received from knowing that one is living a real life is more rewarding than an artificial but pleasant experience. If we carefully examine the values that people hold we can see how they are just a different form of pleasure. Certain people would easily get pleasure because theyve turned down this machine and feel good because theyve made the right choice. Just because the psychological pleasure one may feel because of the choice made is more subtle than some ecstatic experience, it does not mean that it is not pleasure that one seeks. In my opinion, we are often faced with trials during the course of our lives. These trials sometimes change us and our perception of what life really is, which is what I understand through Aristotles function of a human being. He believes reason is what separates us from plants, animals and just about everything else. He calls the man who only identifies with human enjoyment vulgar, because while pleasure is related to happiness it is not the highest good, since one can feel pleasure but might not be happy. To me, this sounds exactly like Nozicks line of thought, but to be honest I dont think Nozicks experiment proves this argument. I believe his experiment may prove that there are several forms and types of pleasures, of which some are very subtle, but Im not convinced of how his experiment is showing that we choose other things over pleasure itself. At most, I believe it shows that we like the idea of achieving something ourselves rather than it being given to us, but then again, achievement is just another form of pleasure in itself. Aristotles function argument also states that our unique human function is the use of reason. According to him, playing the harp is a harpists function, and is the same as the function of an exceptional harpist. When virtue is expressed and added to the function, the harpists function becomes playing the harp, while the exceptional harpists function is to play the harp well. Each function is not considered complete until it expresses proper virtue and a degree of excellence (1098a11-16). Aristotle says that virtue is acquired through the practice of any given function, and that people are born only with the potential of being virtuous, yet they must act accordingly in order to acquire it. As I see it, Aristotles human function argument is a solid moral code that we should all follow. Given the use of reason is a primary requirement, everything one does needs to be analyzed, needs to make sense and needs to be channeled towards achieving happiness. If everyone strives towards the good with this in mind it is hardly possible to do harm or injustice to someone else for selfish or superficial reasons. I believe this is exactly what Robert Nozick was aiming toward in his work as well. My opinion is that life should be accepted as a gift which was given to us or an opportunity rather than striving to turn it into a race of satisfying desires and fulfilling ideas or concepts. I strongly believe life should be simply lived in harmony with everything around us and I would encourage anyone to consider the idea that life is not happening to us, but rather that we are happening in life.

Our Planet Needs Genetically Modified Foods :: GMOs, Genetically Modified Crops

Our Planet Needs Genetically Modified Foods Throughout the advancing technology of today, the human culture is becoming futuristic with science and all of its components. Genetically modifying foods presents positive opportunities in agriculture and human health. Furthermore, more scientifically advanced modifications that select genetically superior plants, have enhanced the yield of crops, improved storability, and increased disease resistance. To simply remove genes from one organism and transfer them to another is generally harmless if we take appropriate precautions. This often debated issue holds many objections. Moreover, one may claim that modifying genes at all is unnatural and evaluates a sufficient risk to many different organisms and species. However, the current technology we possess provides us with the capabilities to go beyond our limits. Why draw the line here? Genetically modifying foods presents positive and beneficial opportunities. In most cases, we are not eating those genes. By the time a genetically engineered corn plant has been processed into corn oil, virtually none of the genes or the proteins they produce are left in the food (Nutrition Action Healthletter, 2001). Transferring genes from one plant or animal to another provides an advantageous outcome to this production. A better resistance to weeds, pests, and diseases is produced as well as better yield and a more efficient use of land. Additionally, altering genetics in foods contributes to a better texture, flavour, and nutritional value of a product. Therefore, there is a longer shelf life and less herbicide or other chemicals are used in the production of genetically modified foods, which provides a healthier option and an increased selection for the consumer. Biotechnology is going to help solve problems that we face going into the next century such as reduction of allergi es, development of more nutritious foods, and an increased nutritional production to feed a growing population (McLaughlin, 1999). Subsequently, changing one or two genes does not make a foodstuff unacceptable. Religious and vegetarian groups would object to genes from some species, while adequate protection can be given with labelling the product. Ethically, one may argue that it is radically useless to modify foods genetically or that agriculture is already too technological and it will only progress more negatively. However, it is likely that increasing numbers of genetically modified foods will emerge in the near future with more variety of modifications and associated benefits. Generally, genetically modified foods will affect the lives of most people in the areas of food, medicine and environmental protection as it meets the modern technology of today.

Education Philosophy Essay -- Philosophy of Education Statement Teache

Education Philosophy My life has been influenced greatly by teachers. Since I was a child, teaching is all I wanted to do. My mother is a fifth grade teacher. I have quite a few friends that are teachers. I have been fortunate to be influenced by some great teachers throughout my academic career. I love to be around kids and I like participating in the process of learning. I appreciate learning even today. I enjoy the learning process and hope to one day influence students in the future. I hope to one day become a high school social studies teacher. I enjoy history and geography, and I especially love politics and discussing current events. I like class discussions and letting different opinions express themselves. These are my beliefs regarding the education of a student. I would strongly agree that students should be active in the learning process. I would strongly agree that many students learn best by engaging in real-world activities rather than reading. I would strongly agree that schools should prepare students for analyzing and solving the types of problems they will face outside the classroom. I would also strongly agree that people are shaped more by their environment than by their genetic dispositions or the exercise of their free will. I would agree that material is taught effectively when it is broken down into small parts. I would agree that the curriculum of a school should be determined by information that is essential for all students to know. I agree that students should be immersed in the community’s problems, resulting in taking action or responsibility in planning a change. I do agree that the United States must become more competitive economically with counties such as Japan, and schoo... ...eaching methods would include programmed instruction, teaching machine, computer-assisted instruction, interactive multimedia, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, critical thinking skills, and cognitive problem solving. The classroom management style would include monitoring and observing events, using reward systems, and establishing rules. The evaluation of the student would include behavioral objectives and performance contracting. The teacher would be trained in the scientific method, a planner and user of behavioral objectives, controller of behavior, and an arranger of contingencies. I hope that one day I will be able to use these different philosophies in my own classroom. I hope that I keep these values, and be able to shape some young minds. I hope that I will become a great teacher, like the ones that I have experienced in my own career.

The War Between The Classes :: essays research papers fc

The War Between the Classes By (Your Name Here) The War Between the Classes is an excellent book written by Gloria D. Miklowitz. It is about a high-school class that plays the â€Å"Color Game†. In the game, there are four social classes which are represented by armbands: Blues – highest, richest; Dark Greens – upper-middle class, semi-rich; Light Greens – lower-middle class, semi-poor; Oranges – lowest class, very poor. To further split up the classes, there are the superior sex, Teks(females), and the inferior sex, No-Teks(males). There are also groups of Color Game â€Å"policemen†, which are older students who played the game in previous years. They record the students’ activities, and record any good or bad behavior, which can result in demotions or promotions. The Color Game runs like this: Lower classes, or No-Teks, must bow when they meet eyes with a higher class, or Tek. Higher classes can give orders to lower classes. Lower c lasses may not speak to a higher class unless spoken to, and can only reply in a short answer. You must have your armband and journal with you at all times. The main character in this book is Emiko â€Å"Amy† Sumoto. She comes from a Japanese family, and her parents believe she should keep the family going by marrying a Japanese boy. Instead, she is interested in a rich, white boy names Adam, which is the opposite of her. In the Color Game, all the Latinos in the class turn out to be high colors, and rich whites end up as lower colors, which are all planned out by their teacher. Although she is used to being treated as a lower person in real life, along with the rest of the Latinos, she doesn’t feel right with the power she has, being one of the most powerful people in the class. She decides to try and unite all the colors to an equal rank. After being demoted from Blue to Orange with Adam, she plans to post â€Å"Unite All Colors† posters all over the school, a nd make quad-colro armbands for all students to wear. Finally she succeeds in doing this, and unites the whole school as one. My favorite part of this book is when Amy and her friend Juan sneak into the school at night and post the posters all over the school. I like this part because it sounds very fun to do, and it’s the only actual action part or the book.

Participant Observation in Sociology Essay

In Research All sociological research methods involve observation, however, participant observations is defined by when the researcher themselves participates in the activities of those he or she is observing and studying. Hughes (1976), describes participant observation as, ‘ When the researcher becomes part of a daily round, learning languages and meanings, rules of impersonal, relations†¦ and in short, living the life of the people under study. 1 Participant observations come in two forms, overt participant observations, in which, the researcher informs the groups members about the purpose of the research and othe details, and there is covert participant observations, in which, the researcher joins the group without informing the members, the research is carried out secretly and the members of the group are unaware they are being studied. This in itself can raise many issues.  When carrying out participant observations, whether covert or overt, there are many problems that can occur, including time, cost, bias, replication, generalisation, validity, reliability and ethical issues. An important aspect when carrying out participant observations is that the researcher must observe people in their natural settings, the researcher must not disturb that setting. In Parker’s study (View from the Boys 1974)2, of Liverpool adolescents, the researcher persuaded the boys to no commit a crime at the time, but did not stop them committing the crime ideally. This brings about many issues. For example, in participant observations, the researcher, as stated, should just observe. Parker broke this rule by convincing the boys not to steal at that moment. His intervention changed the behaviour of the boys, therefore any results can be said to be inaccurate as the group was not behaving as it would have if Parker was not present. Additionally, it raises ethical issues. He knew the boys would commit the crime later on, but because of his research, he couldn’t call the police or punish them, therefore to what extent did the means of the study justify the means. Another disadvantage of using participant observations is the time, money and personal cost it entails. Participant observations can be done over a number of months, during which the researcher is usually cut off from the support of their family and friends, giving them personal stress.

Working More and Feeling Better – Journal Article Summary

Citation Schnittker, Jason. 2007. Working More and note Better Wowork reaps Health, Employment, and Family Life, 1974-2004. American sociological Review 72(2)221-238. This probe investigates the likenessship among womens use of goods and services and wellness opposed other studies, which cede apply genial wellness as the out watch. The research questions address in this study were Has the wellness of women modify or step-downd? Has the sex activity disturbance in wellness altered and, if so, why?Does integrate long sue hours with caring for a sister diminish the relationship mingled with employment and health and, if so, have present-day(prenominal) kick the bucket-family patterns restrained any gains in health? Schnittker included changes in composition (e. g. , argon more than women suffering since more women ar combining their jobs with raising a baby) and changes in association (e. g. , do the marked improvements in health related to to employment les son with the descent of a child). The changes in composition and changes in association were examined with cumulative trends in health.The main(a) variables in this study were womens work hours, education and family income. The dependent variable was self-rated health. describe work hours were separated into quaternary categories and the indication category was not working for this study. some(prenominal) control variables were, as well, that are related to beneathstanding trends. Education was divided into four categories with less than high school as the reference category. Family income used a unending of $1, 986 dollars.Schnittker analyzed whether or not children were in the national instead of focusing how more children because of the various work-family adjustments and different levels of responsibility that come with childrens different come alongs. For this study, separate shut up variables were used having a child nether the age of 6 and having a child amid 6 and 17 days old with having no children under the age of 18 years old instanter in the home. The study used info from the cumulative General Social evaluate (GSS) interpreted between 1974-2004. The GSS is represented nationally and uses an firmament-probability sample.The survey asked responders to self-rate their health as poor, fair, food, or excellent. Self-rated health predicts sexual urge differences, is an indicator of morbidness and predictor of mortality. Findings from the GSS were checked using the issue Health Interview Survey (NHIS) managen between 1997-2004. The NHIS also provided data concerning the rate of flow health trends. Data from the NHIS was produced by face-to-face in-home interviews. The trends in the gender health gap in this study used controls for year, gender, interactions between gender and year, and age and age-squared.Age and age-squared were used to cypher for the aging population, which is vital for this study since thither are sex differe nces in carriage expectancy. Findings extract that the gender gap unlikeable importantly during the 30-year period. Womens self-health has significantly meliorate and mens self-rated health fairly increase until 1990. Mens self-rated health has been on a steady decline ever since then. These results suggest a relation between the trends in womens alter self-rated health and the gender gap closing.Once Schnittker used controls for education in his analysis it showed that the improvements in womens health can be attributable to education. When education was replaced with employment spatial relation and family income it showed that some of the improvements in womens health can be attributed to the rise in womens employment, but not estimable as much as education. The relationship between work-family patterns and health were examined when Schnittker introduced whether the responder had a child. His findings also show that work hours and having a young child are very related.He found that having a child under 6 causes a decline in employments positive impacts on health. Controls for income slightly bring down the negative relationship. Findings concerning the relationship between work hours and having a child in the home show that fathers report improved self-rated health when working full-time and mothers self-rated health drastically decreased. More notably, the findings show that both men and women report worse self-rated health when the mingle work with raising children.Out of all independent variables, the one that impacted the diminishing of the gender gap was employment. Education, work hours, and having a child all affected the closing of the gender gap, but not as significantly as employment. Schnittkers findings also suggest that self-rated health for women would improve even more if their honest work hours were the very akin as mens average work hours. Another notable finding comes out of the inclusion of family income. His findings sugges t that if the wage of women were the same as the wagers of men their self-rated health would improve significantly.He also found that the maturation of the time throw has suppressed womens self-rated health, especially in recent years. (Schnittker 2007 233). He also found that the time bind only slightly suppressed womens self-rated health and that in the long term, more women working and achieving higher levels of education have had much more of an impact on their self-rated health. Schnittkers results show that education and employment are largely impacting the gender gap. Schnittkers study shows that womens health on average was reported to be worse than mens.The factors which he attributes the difference self-rated health are the trends related to womens increased presence in the work force and the increase in the number of women a higher levels on education. Schnittkers study is remarkable. His findings are strong reasons for change to take place with the employment terms of women today. Self-rated health is questionable since it is self-rated. Also, the term health in the study could be physical health or mental health. Schnittker attributes the His work proves that more research is needed in this area of study.

BANKING ACADEMY OF VIETNAM Essay

HistoryBerkshire Hatha agency is a fraternity that was initi in eachy set up as a frame hit human existenceuf beurer in 1839 by Oliver Chace. During that time, the attach to was based in V bothey Falls, Rhode Island and operated d knowledgestairs the comprise Valley Falls social club. It in conclusion merged with and utilize the name of a nonher textile manufacturer, Berkshire Fine spin Associates (originally Berkshire Cotton Manufacturing Comp much or less(prenominal), which was based in Massach customtts).The Hathaway name became break dance of the ac beau monde in 1955, when a merger surrounded by the Hathaway Manufacturing Company and Berkshire was winningly agreed on. The Hathaway Manufacturing Company was so a textile air that prosperedly retrieve from the textile decline and the Great Depression. The merger resulted in the caller relocating its headquarters to New Bedford, Massachusetts and ins exalted 15 elementies that employed ein truthw present 12, 000 labourers. However, as the requirement for textile continued to dwindle, s dismantle of these locations eventually un the likeable d witness with huge layoffs nonwithstanding not in the lead it surpassed $120 meg in tax income.rabbit warren Buffett, the man who would snuff it Berkshire Hathaways chief executive tycoonr, came into the picture in 1962, when he started purchasing Berkshire Hathaway sh ars. He was eventually able to grease ones palms enough sh ars to al dispirited him to change the prudence and eventually gain control of the conjunction.During warren Buffetts time, he s bank kept the bon tons textile milling caper precisely eventually, the partnership started place in the amends industry among opposite(a) things. His purchase of the National Indemnity Company marked the alliances first venture into the redress market, which proven to be factual successful. The last Berkshire Hathaway plant was closed in(p) in 1985. Buffett continued to o rganize Berkshire Hathaway into new(prenominal) investments, which direct them to owning brands much(prenominal) as Dairy Queen, Clayton Homes and MidAmeri potful Energy Holdings.Currently, Berkshire Hathaway stands as the most reckon family (Forbes 2007) and currently has the orbs richest man as its chief operating officer and largest sh beholder. Berkshire Hathaway is to a fault one of the more or less companies that boast r distributivelyed the $ one hundred,000 shargon set. pock as of 2012Berkshire Hathaway (Berkshire or the sort) is diversified holding company engaged primarily in the provision of insurance and reinsurance products and services. Additionally, the sort is engaged in non-insurance backupes including utilities and energy, finance, manufacturing, service and retailing. Berkshire has e actuallywhereall 76 operating(a) straines. The group primarily operates in the US. It is headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska and employs 270,858 sight. The group recor ded revenues of $143,688 million in the financial year ended celestial latitude 2011 (FY2011), an increase of 5.5% all over FY2010. The operating profit of the group was $15,314 million in FY2011, a decrease of 19.6% over FY2010. The net profit was $10,254 million in FY2011, a decrease of 20.9% over FY2010.The geological formational chart is as followsCompany Viet Tien primp sound out nervous strain federation Vtec (Vietnam) Founders surface-to-air missile Bao Tai manufacture change stateHistoryOriginally, the company was a private garb milling machinery for Thai Binduong Engineering Company traffic as pacific effort. There argon 8 officeholder uppercase contributions by Mr. Bao Tai Ginseng a Chinese businessman who acts as director. The factory ara of 1,513 measure squ ar with 65 sewing machines and nearly 100 studyers.After the comp permite liberation of the south, the state takeover, nationalised and thusly assigned the Ministry of Light Industry ( direct the Ministry of Industry) to manage. In 1977, the Ministry of Industry recognized as state-owned enterprises and renamed the Viet Tien primp Factory.In 1979, the factory burn and was a total loss. Getting answer from other units, enthusiasm attached to studyers and with the leadership of Viet Tien, the business was put back into operation and increasingly take a firm stand its position on the market.Thanks to great efforts, the 103/CNN/TCLD tact was apt(p) by the Ministry of Industry Enterprise. The Ministry of Industry Enterprise accepted and up identifyd Tien curry company statues. In 1991, the Ministry of hostile economic relations of import and export evidence directly with foreign name is VIET TIEN GARMENT IMPORT-EXPORT COMPANY, contract as VTEC (by license number on 102570 05/02/1991). In 1993, the company establishment licensing number 214/CNN-TCLD was foundn.Before 1995, the direct caution the company is producing the nations fit outs. In whitethorn 1977, it was rename Viet Tien garnish Enterprise. With the development of the garment sector, the enterprise was change into a company and after a company. The name Viet Tien (Vietnam advancing forward) was kept under the invitees of the staff.At the request of the Vietnam Textile and snip aggroup in Report No. 01 28/TDDM-TCLD in 2007 and the scheme of establishment of the companys proposed May Vietnam Tien.Theo Organization Department Personnel decisions to Establish Vietnam Tien Garment plenty on the basis of re composition Vietnam Tien Garment Company under the Vietnam Textile and Garment Group.Vietnam Tien Garment Corporation operating as a elevate company subsidiary located in the bodily organise of the Vietnam Textile and Garment Group. The Vietnamese name habituated as Corporations Vietnam Tien Garment Joint Stock and the international Trade name Viettien Garment Corporation (VTEC). At present VTEC has six enterprise and 14 affiliates over 20,000 thespians. It specialises i n the manufacturing of garments and the trading of maters and accessories for the garment sector, equipment and components, and import-export services. Its products are divers(a) and are sold at over 20 shops and 300 agents throughout the country.Note As of 2012Viet Tien garment Joint Stock Company established since 1976, is currently a production and trade company belong to VINATEX, specialising in garment manufacture, trade of equipment, materials & accessories for garment industry. The company presently carries out business transactions with much than 60 customers in 20 countries over the valet Asia, Europe, USA, Australia and North America, etc.Specialises in shirts, trousers, suit, blouses, jackets, denim suits, coats, sweaters, trading in industrial garment Trading in electric, audio, light equipment, Forwarding, Shipping agency.KEY EmployeesSourceshttp//www.thehistoryof bodily.com/companies-by-industry/finance/berkshire-hathaway-corporations-history/ http//www.marketli ne.com/ reviewer 07E69A79-DC43-4A40-B015-C2C489E9E28Fhttp//www.viettien.com.vn/ mental facultys.php?name= center&opcase=viewcontent&mcid=128&menuid=12 http//en. cleans.vn/economy/company-and-names/23351-viet-tien-a-strong-brand-name-in-the-garment-sector.htmlWith beginning to the above case (you are strongly advice to look into the above company), you are to research and correlate to Viet Tien Garment. erect a brief subject, citing relevant research, which addresses the following taskstrade union movement 1 compare and contrast the assorted organisational structures and coating mingled with Berkshire Hathaway and Viet Tien Garment1.1excuse how the alliance betwixt Berkshire Hathaway structure and assimilation tush extend to on the doing of the business1.2 prove the factors which influence individua numerate behaviour at Berkshire Hathaway OR Viet Tien Garment.1.3This part of your report should not authorize more than 1,000 words. Diagrams, charts, tables and appendi xes are not to be include in the word count.Task 2 utilise research and the facts presented in the caseCompare the forte of diametrical leadership styles with Berkshire Hathaway and to Viet Tien Garment2.1Explain how organisational possibility underpins the design of counsel for with Berkshire Hathaway2.2Evaluate the contrastive border ones to management employ by two establishments (Berkshire Hathaway and to Viet Tien Garment).2.3This part of your report should not exceed more than 1, cholecalciferol words. Diagrams,charts, tables and appendixes are not to be included in the word count.GRADINGPassis achieved by meeting all the requirements defined in the estimation criteria. (Refer scalawag 2 of the grant brief)MeritIdentify and break strategies to reign appropriate solutions. (M1)Characteristics / Possible Evidence Use of comparative degree charts and sufficiently detailed to show that an effective approach to study and research has been applied to Berkshire Hathaway .Select and yield appropriate methods. (M2)Characteristics / Possible Evidence relevant theories and techniques permit been applied in leadership style and approaches to management particularly related to Berkshire Hathaway sources sources are bonnyified.DistinctionUse critical formulation to evaluate own puddle and justify sensible conclusions (D1)Characteristics / Possible Evidence creation has been utilise to aim and justify valid comments on approaches to divergent management and style of leadership of Berkshire Hathaway.Demonstrate convergent, lateral and original thinking (D3)Characteristics / Possible Evidence report has been brisk with care and clearly demonstrates the l obtainers thinking, innovation and creative fantasy utilize.Presentation1. The fitting should cast a accost page that includes the assignment title, assignment number, course title, module title, Lecturer/tutor name and students name. Attach all the pages of assignment brief/ turn to she et with your report and leave them blank for formal use.2. Ensure that au indeedticity declaration has been signed.3. This is an individual assignment.4. Content sheet with a magnetic inclination of all headings and page numbers.5. A fully typed up professionally presented report document. Use 12 point Arial or multiplication New Roman script.6. Your assignment should be word-processed and should not exceed from 2,500 to 3,000 words in length.7. Use the Harvard referencing form.8. Exhibits/appendices are outside this limit.9. The assignment should be not guard a bibliography but should contain a list of any references used in the assignment.NOTES TO STUDENTS for summissionCheck carefully the submission date and the instructions given with the assignment. deep assignments testament not be accepted. Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due date. Do not leave things such as printing to the last minute excuses of this genius depart not b e accepted for ill to baseball mitt-in the nominate on time. You must take indebtedness for managing your own time effectively. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and stir valid reasons such as illness, you whitethorn apply (in writing) for an extension. Failure to achieve a PASS grade will results in a REFERRAL grade being given. Take great care that if youuse other peoples work or ideas in your assignment, you properly reference them in your text and any bibliography. NOTE If you are caught plagiarizing, the University policies and procedures will apply. ready for Ms. Le Thu HanhThe lecturer of ITP- F06BCourse no F06Banking Academy, Hanoi VietnamPrepared byHoang Nang Le MinhRegistration No. ITP F06-090Submitted realize Word Count 3361Table of content executive directorSummary.13 Introduction..141.1 Compare and contrast diametrical organisational structures and cultivation151.2 Explain how the descent between an organisations structure and socialisation flush toilet seismic disturbance on the motion of the business..171.3 Discuss the factors which influence individual behavior at work.202.1 Compare the lastingness of different leadership styles in different organizations..212.2 Explain how organizational possibility underpins the bore of management..222.3 Evaluate the different approaches to management used by different organizations24Conclusion.26 citation27Executive SummaryViet Tien Garment Joint Stock Corporation Vtec and Berkshire Hathaway company is two sorry organisations with legion(predicate) an(prenominal) organisational factors , go for established for a larger number of purposes , they excite umteen an(prenominal) alike points or other points in their structures , their slipway of works . Viet Tien Garment produce c solidifyinghes ( pants , shirts , sportswear , suits ) , in access this company supply services of accessories and materials for garments . For a long time served Viet Nam customers with t heir products , Viet Tien Garment chip in get a famous situation and reputation in its own country . About Berkshire Hathaway company in past Berkshire Hathaway produced textile fabrics , but after Warren Buffett became its chief executive officer , this company started working on umteen various palm as insurance , financial services , jewellery Till now , Berkshire Hathaway is very famous not only because of its chief executive officer (Warren Buffett ) but in any case because it worked probably very economic , bewilder a stria of usefulnesss to its employees .IntroductionPurposes / goals of doing this organisations and behaviour assignment Practically find and analyze data virtually both companies ( Berkshire Hathaway and Viet Tien Garment Joint Stock Corporation ) which in truth exist in other countries , act at other fields to understand the family relationship between organisational structures and tillage , in addition we screwing shroud different approac hes to management and leadership , also gain knowledge from all outcomes in the standard . For exp Explain how the relationship between an organisations structure and husbandry weed impact on the performance of the business , or compare the forte of different leadership styles in different organisations randomness and news in this assignment gift given from trustable web sites which are official or commonplace with people . Berkshire Hathaway and Viet Tien Garment are so commonplace in its own country but it is not easy to collect all legitimate information about them , or really understand their business clearly . Therefore any comments / reports in this assignment may be right or victimize base on reader s get a line . This assignment just only cover a small part of fundamental laws and Behaviour textbook with a wider range when mentioned two epic companies ( Berkshire Hathaway company and Viet Tien Garment ) as prime examples .1.1 Compare and contrast different or ganisational structures and last to each one organisation absorb its own structure , culture which strickle how it whole kit and boodle and wherefore it become a successful organisation or not . Structures and culture are very grand with organisations because they conduct an impact on the way people look at each organisation , the adaptability of each organisation About Viet Tien Garment Joint Stock Corporation Vtec and Berkshire Hathaway company , both of them are successful when they chose their organisational structures and culture then apply it efficiently to their ways of working . Their organisational structures and culture are showing in the chart down the stairs Organisations Viet Tien GarmentBerkshire Hathaway companyOrganisational structures tall-growingCentralisationFlatDe centralisationOrganisational culture bureau cultureTask cultureRole cultureCompare and contrast about organisational structures Berkshire Hathaway devote been controlled by CEO Warren Buffet t and other directors as the heightsest level of management . They give orders to other subordinates . match to the 2010 Berkshire Hathaway annual Report Berkshires operating businesses are managed on an unusually decentralized basis . There are essentially no centralized or combine business functions ( such as sales , merchandising , purchasing , legal or human resources ) and in that location is minimal involvement by Berkshires corporate headquarters in the day-to-day business activities of the operating businesses . So their structure is categorical and decentralisation opposite with Viet Tien Garment Joint Stock Corporation . right away , umteen organizations have an enhancement in their fairish duet of control , diminishing management levels and then become flatbedter , so as that they buns reduce demand for centre of attention managers to handle or analyse information Berkshire Hathaway are going on this way very early , that s square(a) decision . Any cost s , write off for middle process will be removed . The boss will have maximum benefit , and employees in like demeanor . But this chassis of organisation rout out fake many people become the unemployed because they just use a small number of staffs / lynchpin employees who are skilled as their extravagantly requirements . The high fare of delegation the organisation have , more batchdid qualities their employees must have . Viet Tien Garment , with their centralisation structure , foott have some advantages as Berkshire Hathaway company , but they make many people have jobs . Viet Tien have a serving of branches , regular foreign customers and outlets ( inside and outside Viet Nam ) with many workers / employees in their factories . They really serve up Viet Nam government proscribe the unemployment not so efficient but that s enough at this time . Therefore we hindquarters realize that Berkshire Hathaway and Viet Tien Garment Joint Stock Corporation have different structures , with many advantages and disadvantages In my whimsey , if they arse combine all kind of structures to eternal rest the amount of advantages and disadvantages , then find out a desirable structure which increases their maximum proceeds , it will be very good for their organisations . Have too much ( or too low ) the amount of delegation , it isnt stable should keep it in an number amount .Compare and contrast about organisational culture Berkshire Hathaway have task culture in some cases . When Berkshire Hathaway employees work in specific fields like insurance industry , they must do many short bound and long term missions or confounds so as that they can earn capital from each finished products / accomplished missions Employees work with team mates in a group to finish their tasks on time . In addition , this company (Berkshire Hathaway ) have design culture . As a large company with many types of jobs and the work is predictable , role culture is very sui table for doing their business . CEO Warren Buffett had chosen this liable culture which agreeable to this company , he did many things in order to gradually made it become the most respected company (Forbes 2007) . Viet Tien Garment have role culture with the same reasons like Berkshire Hathaway . In a big organization with a push-down store of factories ( like Viet Tien Garment ) , task cultures are not suitable because of many reasons . Factors in task cultures are not suited to Viet Tien labours ( their behavior , their habits , ) and the way this company work .1.2 Explain how the relationship between an organisations structure and culture can impact on the performance of the businessHow the relationship between Berkshire Hathaways structure and culture can impact on their performance of the business Organisations structures is the manifestation of ways that a company fructify itself and show its mode of working , so it can impact on the performance of organizations . Ber kshire Hathaways structures are flat and decentralisation , that make this company may have many advantages or disadvantages when perform their business . To development these types of organisational structures , board of directors in Berkshire Hathaway company have chosen skilled employees / directors who can create true decisions when it is suitable , and understand all anything they must do for their company . Berkshire Hathaways divisions and subsidiaries are, by Buffetts admission, get by with little or no oversight by Omaha headquarters. Each year he sends the CEOs a oecumenical letter outlining high-level goals and requires very few reports or status updates. One-way communication of monthly and every quarter financial results is the primary method used by most of the business units to report to headquarters ( Francine , 2011 ) . Organisations culture is thestyle and the primary(prenominal) ascertain of an organisation , it shows us what the organisation aimed at and w hat are the special characteristic of that organization Therefore organisations culture always affect the performance of organizations . By using task culture and role culture , Berkshire Hathaway company can work easier than use any other types of culture . CEO Warren Buffett state that Berkshire has created a strong culture over the geezerhood that would reject any attempt by an outsider to make changes that dont rebound his way of doing business . ( Alex Crippen , 2013 ) . Each year this company with its culture has been widening so much , not only its size or number of employees but also its quality and quantity of productivity , revenue Berkshire, of course, owns subsidiaries across a wide range of industries, from insurance to candy and beyond. It also holds investments in numerous companies . ( willingiam L. Watts , 2013 ) .How the relationship between Viet Tien Garments structure and culture can impact on their performance of the business Viet Tien Garments structure always have an impact on their performance of the business like Berkshire Hathaway company . Viet Tien Garments structures are tall and centralization , so this company have been alter by its ways of arrangements . The performance of Viet Tien Garment ( especially their production capacity ) is showing in charts below By using their organizational structures ( tall and centralization ) and organisational culture ( role culture ) , till now Viet Tien Garment have many employees , factories and departments in Viet Nam , with high production capacity , as the huge system which usually work straining under the footing of covenants and severe rules . If Viet Tien Garment havent lay like that , this company cant get ahead achievements currently . Because labour costs are low , they arent able to recruit talented employees or skilled workers who graduated from famous universities , consequently flat organization is not suitable for Viet Tien Garment ( in this company , just only peo ple on the highest level of management can make decisions ) . They cant choose a wide span of control . And of course , in fact they have not chosen . Using tall and centralization structure is the true way for Viet Tien todevelop in future . With role culture , their workers are candid of producing goods together in factories that s reasonable method for a big company in garment industry like Viet Tien .1.3 Discuss the factors which influence individual behavior at workHave a trade of factors which influence individual behavior at work because individuals are very various . first of all , comprehension is the important factor which always affect individual behavior . For example If a worker think that his job is very good and his average wage is adequate ( although some other workers said that it isnt true ) , he will do his affair in a merry modality , so he can reach first-class results easier than others . Each organization have its own culture and structures , therefore their employees must have suitable perception . If the perception of employees in the organization is fit for their jobs , their ways of working will have more originality , incontrovertible innovation After read many employee reviews of Berkshire Hathaway company , we can understand reasons which made this company successful I worked at Berkshire Hathaway as an intern . precise relaxed working environment . Management cares about new hires and tries to help . A former(prenominal) employee . Nothing disallow to share , one of the best work environments I have encountered in my career a former employee in San Francisco . Secondly , attitude is the conspicuous factor that usually influence individual behavior at work . When an employee go to work with a tyrannical attitude , he can make other employees have good mood to do their jobs crack . A positive attitude also create a cordial atmosphere in piece of work , so all employees in a organization should have an active at titude while they work . But if an employee dont know how to have an active attitude , what must he do ? His managers or directors have to solve this problem by suitable ways with each case . Buffetts 2012 annual report have a split Most of our managers are independently wealthy, and its therefore up to us to create a temper that encourages them to choose working with Berkshire over golfing or fishing. This leaves us needing to treat them fairly and in the manner that we would wish to be enured if our positions were reversed . Managers in Berkshire Hathaway company have been treated very kind , therefore they worked efficiently ,make their company more successful day by day .2.1 Compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organizationsEach leadership style have the effectiveness that always affect its organization . Warren E. Buffett is CEO of Berkshire Hathaway , in addition he is the famous billionaire investor in the world . Under control of this t alented CEO , Berkshire Hathaway steadily become the successful company which works on many fields . Firstly , we can easily see that Warren Buffett inspires his employees to work hard . His subordinates usually think about how to earn notes and become a famous billionaire investor like him . When CEO Warren Buffett manage Berkshire Hathaway company , The share price of Berkshire Hathaway has grown from about the approximate range of $14 to $18 (of 1965) to $152,000 (in early 2013) in the 48 geezerhood that Warren Buffett has been in charge. Book value per share has grown by a staggering 587,000%. This grand success has included enormous success in both stock investing and in the management of the numerous businesses that Berkshire owns. It is therefore evident that Warren Buffett has been an dead extraordinary corporate manager, motivator and leader . ( Shawn C. Allen , 2013 ) another(prenominal) famous CEO in the world is Michael dell . He filled a void in the market that w ould change how people buy computers and all the accessories. At the age of twenty-seven, he was the youngest Fortune 500 CEO. True, it was the company he founded, and not one where he climbed the ranks, but make the Fortune 500 list is an incredible accomplishment for long standing companies, let alone one that was barely eight years old. People close to Michael Dell say he is quite shy, which makes his rise to super-entrepreneur that much more incredible. In the early days, he was the only one doing the merchandise and promotion, and he obviously served both the customers and the company well. And, even though he had rehackneyed from the company a few years ago, the board encouraged him to return ( write Michael Dell , 2013 ) . In periods that Michael Dell is CEO , his corporation have been widening a lot and help many people have modern jobs .2.2 Explain how organizational theory underpins the apply of managementThe practice of management can be predicated by many organizat ional theories . Berkshire Hathaway company executed two theories Frederick Taylor theory and Henri Fayol theory . Henri Fayol theory The scalar chain of argument Follows Henri Fayol theory , Berkshire Hathaway arranged their organizational structures by the way in this theory as the chart belowDivision of work ( specialization ) Each of Berkshire Hathaway employees have to focus on their jobs to be more efficient . More hard working in the same job , correspondingly more productive . We can see an employee review on Internet to comprehend these points Name / function Maintenance (Current Employee)I have been working at Berkshire HathawayPros They really care about their employees. They listen to their employees. Benefits are great, management and front office go above the norm in making it an enjoyable place to work. Very happy here Cons The working conditions are not exactly ideal. It is very loud, but appropriate ear protection is worn. The chemicals that are in the air, cant be that good for your health in the long run, but it could be much worse. Advice to Senior Management I wish I could come up with something, but I truly do think that the management is really on the right path in all that they are trying to accomplish. ESPIRIT DE CORPS Berkshire Hathaway employees have been treated impartially and their managers usually create good feelings among employees . According to an analysis on Internet , 86% of employees exhort this company to a friend . Therefore we can see that Henri Fayol theory have a lot of principles which underpin the practice of management .Frederick Taylor theory Employees , directors in Berkshire Hathaway clearly have their responsibility to do their work closely . Directors and managers help subordinates understand how to complete their tasks , and subordinates will do . Subordinates have to learn new methods from other employees then try toperform better . So thats right ways to apply Taylor theory into workplace .2.3 Ev aluate the different approaches to management used by different organizationsBerkshire Hathaway company1. Structure With its structures ( flat , decentralization ) , Berkshire Hathaway can save costs , expense from some middle processes , then use this money for doing other things . At the moment , many organizations are steadily changing their structures to become more pet in order to gain more benefit .2. Culture Each organization have its own culture . With task culture and role culture , Berkshire Hathaway employees can complete tasks better because these types of culture really suitable for any fields which their company are controlling / working . If they use power culture , the boss will be very tired to manage the whole company , and all employees cant meet their boss at the same time to take missions ( What should they do if their company have more than 5000 employees ? ) . So their organizational culture are task culture and role culture , that s obvious .3. Leadership under control of CEO Warren Buffett and other skilled directors , Berkshire Hathaway became the most respected company (Forbes 2007) . Their decisions in management are punctual and rational , their employees have been trained to be more productive . Their employees also have been treated very kind . During the 2012 fiscal year, Berkshire Hathaway held one annual directors meeting, one special meeting, and met twice by the directors unanimous consent. Each director attended all meetings of the board and all committee meetings on which he or she served. Directors current $900 for each meeting they attended in psyche and $300 for each meeting they attended by telephone ( Meredith Kliewer , 2013 ) . Berkshire Hathaway board of directors is very good at their leadership , therefore this company is successful till now .Viet Tien Garment1. Structure With its structures ( tall , centralization ) , Viet Tien Garment cant have some advantages as Berkshire Hathaway company , but they ma ke many people have jobs . Viet Tien have a lot of branches , regularforeign customers and outlets ( inside and outside Viet Nam ) with many workers / employees in their factories . They really help Viet Nam government foreclose the unemployment . Their structures are very suitable with their ways of working and selling goods .2. Culture Their organisational culture ( role culture ) is the true decision , because this company have a lot of factories and workers in Viet Nam , and role culture can help its directors to control all of them .3. Leadership This company is still perform well without any scandals , so their leadership is good enough for working in future .ConclusionAfter analyses two big companies ( Berkshire Hathaway and Viet Tien Garment ) , we can comprehend about main ideas as the relationship between organisational structures and culture , or different approaches to management and leadership . Base on information about Viet Tien Garment and Berkshire Hathaway compa ny , this project can analyse primary principles in factors of organisations , as the linkage between organisational culture and structure , or the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organisations , how organisational theory underpins the practice of management Moreover , using information in many sources as articles , books and websites that have been recognised or found on Google disciple , this record help us understand the relationship between organisational structure and culture , understand different approaches to management and leadership , have a lot of useful knowledge for using in real life , and comprehend many outcomes in the textbook .Reference2010 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Report . 2010 . From http//retheauditors.com/2011/09/02/the-berkshire-hathaway-corporate-governance-performance/Alex Crippen . 2013 . Warren Buffett Berkshire Will Be the Same Without Me . From http//www.cnbc.com/id/100707968